Indian Railways is strategically shifting its focus to significantly expand non-air-conditioned (non-AC) seating capacity across the country. An official announcement confirmed that non-AC seats now constitute 78% of the total available, with a staggering 54 lakh seats offered daily. This move, which includes plans to manufacture 17,000 new non-AC coaches over the next five years, directly addresses the surging demand from low- and middle-income travellers, reinforcing the railway’s commitment to building a more equitable and sustainable public transport network.
The strategic pivot towards non-AC travel is a direct response to a burgeoning passenger base. Data shows that the number of travellers using unreserved coaches is projected to rise to an astounding 651 crore in 2024–25. To cater to this massive demand, the railway has not only deployed 1,250 general coaches this year but has also introduced the Amrit Bharat Express, a fully non-AC, modern train designed to provide a high-quality travel experience without the high cost. This new class of train, with 14 services already operational, represents a paradigm shift, proving that affordability can coexist with comfort and safety. The standard Amrit Bharat train composition intentionally prioritises non-AC seating, featuring a majority of general and sleeper coaches to serve the masses.
The new fleet of trains is equipped with a range of advanced features that enhance the passenger experience. Each Amrit Bharat coach is fitted with CCTV surveillance, modernised toilets, improved berth designs, and essential amenities such as enhanced LED lighting and USB charging sockets. These upgrades, particularly the focus on safety and cleanliness, are crucial for making rail travel more dignified and accessible for all, especially for women and individuals with disabilities. By incorporating these features, Indian Railways is not just providing transportation; it is creating a safer, more inclusive environment that encourages a wider demographic to choose public transit. This move aligns with the larger societal goal of building a gender-neutral and equitable public domain where everyone can travel with confidence and ease.
The railway’s commitment extends to building a more eco-friendly and sustainable network. A major step in this direction is the complete installation of bio-toilets in all passenger coaches, a measure that prevents waste discharge on tracks and significantly improves hygiene across the network. Additionally, the implementation of mechanised cleaning at major stations and on-board housekeeping services in long-distance trains ensures a clean travel environment. By making rail travel a more comfortable and dignified experience, Indian Railways is actively promoting a shift away from individual car usage, which is essential for reducing urban congestion and vehicular emissions. This strategic, long-term vision positions the railway as a cornerstone of India’s zero-net-carbon ambitions, demonstrating that a focus on mass transit for the economically weaker sections can also be a powerful engine for environmental sustainability.
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