The annual sales of electric vehicles in India have surpassed the 1.7 million unit mark for FY2024, reflecting a significant surge in demand and adoption rates. This trend is driven by heightened awareness of the economic and environmental benefits of electric vehicles (EVs) and the expansion of charging infrastructure that addresses range anxiety concerns. Central to this transition is the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, which are playing a crucial role in optimising the EV experience, particularly in the charging segment.
In the Indian IoT market, automotive IoT technology is emerging as a dominant player, with a projected market value of USD 6.08 billion for 2024. Concurrently, the India Automotive AI market, valued at USD 158.8 million, is expected to reach USD 1138.4 million by 2030. With the ambition to increase EV penetration by 2030, the integration of IoT and AI in India’s EV sector and charging infrastructure is anticipated to expand significantly. These technologies are currently redefining operations within several charging segments.
IoT-enhanced battery management systems, combined with AI-driven analytics, have substantially improved battery efficiency, charging speed, and lifespan. Rapid advancements in AI and machine learning algorithms have enabled researchers to more accurately evaluate battery performance. AI-supported analysis has optimised the battery development cycle by reducing test durations, thereby saving time and cost. AI-backed simulations can predict lithium-ion battery degradation, allowing manufacturers to adjust designs and battery chemistry, thus supporting the growth of India’s lithium-ion battery market, which is expected to increase from USD 4.71 billion to USD 13.11 billion by 2029. Additionally, IoT sensors provide real-time data on battery health and charging performance, with AI algorithms making necessary adjustments to enhance design and chemistry.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning algorithms have been instrumental in predicting EV riders’ charging patterns by analysing their preferences and behaviours. This data-driven approach enables charging point operators, fleet managers, and vehicle owners to access personalised charging suggestions and optimise their power usage. On a larger scale, real-time data from IoT-powered charging hubs allows AI to manage load, minimise energy wastage, and prevent grid overheating during peak hours. This capability is particularly valuable for operators and fleet managers handling multiple vehicles simultaneously. IoT sensors embedded in battery packs monitor critical parameters such as voltage, temperature, and charging status. The collected data is analysed using AI-powered analytics to detect anomalies, degradation, and faults more accurately. Advanced AI models can predict servicing and replacement timelines, ensuring proactive maintenance and reducing breakdown risks.
AI is also being utilised to manage EV charging schedules to maintain a steady power supply. Charging stations equipped with IoT sensors can optimise clients’ charging schedules by factoring in time-of-use tariffs and power availability. AI smartly adjusts energy rates, thermal management, and discharge protocols, benefiting operators through efficient load management and incentivising EV owners to charge during low-demand hours, thus easing pressure during peak times. AI’s ability to analyse data from various sources, including population density maps, user demand, grid constraints, IoT-backed traffic sensors, and existing infrastructure, is aiding in the strategic placement of new EV charging hubs. This reduces deployment costs and enhances location efficiency.
The integration of IoT and AI has facilitated remote monitoring and management of modern EV charging infrastructure. This automation optimises charging times and enhances user experience. Moreover, IoT devices streamline billing processes by analysing real-time charging data, simplifying operations and addressing energy needs on a case-by-case basis. Further innovations in IoT and AI are expected to make the integration of renewable energy sources into charging grids more feasible, contributing to lower EV-related carbon emissions and aiding India’s goal of becoming carbon neutral. These advancements underscore the transformative impact of AI and IoT on the EV charging sector, projected to grow from USD 588.6 million to USD 5695.6 million by 2030. As technology evolves, AI and IoT will continue to drive advancements in battery development and charging infrastructure, propelling India towards a sustainable future.
