The proposed merger of Chennai’s Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) with the Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL) remains in limbo, despite initial approvals and plans dating back several years.
The integration, aimed at creating a unified, efficient, and eco-friendly urban transport network, has encountered multiple hurdles, delaying its fruition. In May 2022, Southern Railway granted in-principle approval for the merger, sparking optimism for a seamless transition. The plan envisioned a two-phase approach: initially, the Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) would undertake commercial development of all 18 MRTS stations and their surrounding areas, while Indian Railways would continue operations and maintenance. Subsequently, a complete takeover by CMRL was anticipated, aligning with the city’s broader goals of sustainable and integrated urban mobility .
However, the merger’s progress has been stymied by bureaucratic inertia and unresolved technical issues. As of October 2024, the proposal awaited final approval from the Railway Board, having been forwarded to the Gati Shakti Directorate after addressing queries from various departments . The delay has raised concerns among urban planners and commuters alike, who see the integration as vital for enhancing Chennai’s public transport efficiency and reducing carbon emissions The MRTS, spanning approximately 24.3 km from Chennai Beach to St. Thomas Mount, was designed to handle over 6 lakh passengers daily. Yet, due to factors like inadequate maintenance, poor connectivity, and underutilized infrastructure, current ridership is significantly lower. Financially, the system has been operating at a loss, with annual deficits around Rs 84 crore, primarily due to low fare revenues and high operational costs
A significant technical challenge lies in the compatibility of rolling stock. The MRTS utilizes broad gauge EMU trains, differing from the standard gauge used by the Metro. This discrepancy necessitates either the procurement of new rolling stock or substantial modifications to existing infrastructure, both requiring considerable investment and time Land acquisition issues have further complicated the merger. A critical 0.5-hectare parcel near the Reserve Bank of India is needed to lay a fourth line between Chennai Beach and Fort stations, essential for seamless integration. The deadlock over this acquisition has led authorities to consider alternatives, such as terminating MRTS services at Chennai Fort or limiting them to Chennai Beach, pending resolution .
Despite these challenges, the state government remains committed to the merger. Plans include the acquisition of 150 EMU coaches at a depreciated cost of Rs 140 crore and the implementation of an interim dry lease model, allowing the state to operate MRTS while Indian Railways retains rolling stock ownership . Additionally, the CMDA has outlined strategies for commercial development around MRTS stations, aiming to boost non-fare revenue and enhance station accessibility . The envisioned integration aligns with Chennai’s broader objectives of creating a sustainable, gender-neutral, and equitable urban environment. By consolidating transport systems, the city aims to reduce vehicular congestion, lower carbon emissions, and provide efficient, accessible public transportation options for all residents.
However, the prolonged delays underscore the complexities of urban infrastructure projects in India, where inter-agency coordination, technical compatibility, and land acquisition often pose significant hurdles. As Chennai continues to grapple with these challenges, the successful merger of MRTS and Metro remains a critical milestone for the city’s sustainable development aspirations.
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