MMR: Mumbai and Gadchiroli districts have emerged as the epicentres of malaria in Maharashtra, accounting for nearly 80% of the total 3,062 cases reported between January 1 and May 7 this year, according to data released by the state health department on Saturday. This marks a significant increase from the 2,230 cases recorded during the same period last year, raising concerns among health officials.
Mumbai reported 1,324 malaria cases, while Gadchiroli recorded 1,142 cases. The alarming rise in cases before the onset of the monsoon is particularly concerning, as malaria incidences typically escalate during the rainy season. An official from the health department expressed concern, stating, “The number of malaria cases has already surpassed the patient count recorded during the January-May period last year. This is concerning as this data was recorded before the monsoon and malaria cases tend to rise during the monsoon months.” An official from the National Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Control Programme highlighted the unique challenges posed by these two districts despite their contrasting demographics. “Mumbai and Gadchiroli present significant challenges in malaria control. We have instructed the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, as well as the zilla parishad and gram panchayats in both regions, to expedite malaria detection drives. Additionally, primary health centres have been directed to stock up on necessary medicines,” the official stated.
The dense tribal population and forested areas in Gadchiroli create an ideal breeding ground for malaria-spreading mosquitoes. Conversely, the urban environment of Mumbai provides favourable conditions for mosquito survival.
In addition to Mumbai and Gadchiroli, 16 other districts in Maharashtra have reported over 10 malaria cases each in the past five months. Notable among them are Chandrapur with 130 cases, Panvel with 105, and Raigad with 68 cases. “Of the total cases, 80% have been reported from Greater Mumbai and Gadchiroli,” the health department official added. A city-based epidemiologist emphasized the need for thorough screening in malaria-endemic areas, pointing out the difference in severity between the two types of malarial parasites: Plasmodium falciparum (PF) and Plasmodium vivax (PV). “Infections caused by PV are easier to treat and less severe compared to PF. However, PF infections can lead to higher mortality and severe complications if not promptly treated. This underscores the importance of screening every patient with fever in these regions,” the epidemiologist said.
June is marked as ‘Malaria Prevention Month,’ during which the state undertakes multiple initiatives to combat malaria. These efforts are crucial in light of the current surge in cases, necessitating coordinated action to mitigate the impact of this vector-borne disease. The concentrated malaria cases in Mumbai and Gadchiroli highlight the urgent need for targeted public health interventions and sustained efforts to control the spread of malaria, particularly as the monsoon season approaches.
