UDAN A Game Changer for Regional Connectivity in India
India’s aviation landscape is undergoing a quiet but significant transformation, with the Government of India’s flagship Regional Connectivity Scheme (RCS) – UDAN (“Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik”) – playing a pivotal role.
Launched on October 21, 2016, this initiative has aimed to make air travel accessible and affordable for the average Indian. The vision behind UDAN is rooted in Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s belief that every Indian, regardless of their background, should be able to fly, turning what was once an elite privilege into a public service.
Since its inception, UDAN has been instrumental in connecting underserved and remote regions to the national aviation grid. Its journey began on April 27, 2017, with the first UDAN flight between Shimla and Delhi. That flight marked the start of a revolution, where the sky became not just a symbol of aspiration but also of possibility for millions across India. As the UDAN scheme celebrates its eighth anniversary in 2025, it stands as a testament to the government’s commitment to fostering regional connectivity and inclusivity. The initiative was designed under the National Civil Aviation Policy (NCAP) of 2016, with a 10-year vision aimed at bringing Tier-2 and Tier-3 cities into the fold of air connectivity. The scheme has been shaped by both market-driven forces and government support, ensuring it can operate sustainably while keeping airfares affordable.
At the core of UDAN’s success is the concept of Viability Gap Funding (VGF), a financial mechanism that supports airlines flying on less lucrative routes by subsidising their operations. This allows airlines to provide low-cost services while keeping ticket prices affordable for passengers. The government also incentivises state and airport authorities by waiving parking and landing charges, further reducing operational costs for airlines.
Moreover, the central government has introduced several measures to enhance the appeal of UDAN to airlines. For instance, excise duty on Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF) at UDAN-connected airports is capped at just 2% for the first three years. Additionally, state governments have reduced VAT on ATF to as low as 1% in many regions, making the cost of flying from smaller airports more competitive. Over the years, UDAN has grown to become a nationwide success. In addition to increasing air connectivity, the scheme has introduced initiatives such as Yatri Cafes at airports in Kolkata and Chennai, offering affordable meals, and even opened the door for seaplane operations. These measures are part of the government’s broader vision to make air travel an integral part of the national transportation network.
Looking ahead, the revamped UDAN scheme, which seeks to add 120 new destinations, aims to connect more remote and hilly regions, including the North Eastern states. Furthermore, the Krishi UDAN initiative is set to further bolster air logistics for agriculture, improving access for farmers in far-flung areas. With infrastructure projects such as the development of 50 new airports and the creation of greenfield airports in Bihar, UDAN’s future is poised for continued expansion. UDAN is not just a scheme; it is a movement to reshape India’s air connectivity and ensure that every citizen, regardless of where they live, can have a seat in the sky.