Tribal Rajasthan Faces Sickle Cell Surge 10,000+ Cases
Rajasthan is witnessing a worrying surge in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) cases, with over 10,000 individuals in nine tribal districts found to be affected, according to a recent report by the state’s Medical and Health Department. The disease, which predominantly impacts the tribal population, has raised significant concerns about its genetic transmission and long-term health consequences.
As per the latest data, 2,980 individuals have tested positive for SCD, while 7,766 have shown early symptoms. The worst-affected districts include Baran, Rajsamand, Chittorgarh, Pali, Sirohi, Dungarpur, Banswara, Pratapgarh, and Udaipur—all regions with a high tribal population. Alarmingly, the report highlights that women are disproportionately affected, with 1,590 of the confirmed cases being female. In response, the health department has issued Genetic Counseling ID Cards (GCID) in pink and blue to affected individuals. Patients have been strongly advised against marrying others with the condition to prevent passing it on to future generations. Sickle Cell Disease, also known as Sickle Cell Anaemia, is an inherited genetic disorder that affects hemoglobin—the protein responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood. Unlike normal disc-shaped red blood cells, SCD patients have crescent- or sickle-shaped cells.
These rigid and deformed cells clog blood vessels, leading to complications such as chronic pain, stroke, lung infections, kidney disease, and vision loss. Despite its lifelong impact, there is no universal cure for SCD. Treatments primarily focus on managing symptoms, preventing complications, and improving the quality of life through medications like hydroxyurea, blood transfusions, and pain management therapies. Dr. H.L. Tabiyar, Rajasthan’s Chief Medical and Health Officer, acknowledged the lack of clarity on the reasons behind the disease’s spread in tribal areas. The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Jodhpur is conducting research to understand the root causes. However, as the disease continues to spread, the immediate focus remains on genetic counseling and preventive measures to limit its transmission.
Given the high prevalence of genetic disorders in tribal populations, experts stress the need for increased screening, early detection, and public awareness campaigns. There is also an urgent call for enhanced healthcare facilities in rural and tribal districts to provide timely intervention and long-term management of SCD. With Rajasthan’s tribal communities facing a growing health crisis, proactive measures—from genetic screening to policy interventions—are essential to curb the impact of this debilitating disease.
