Stomach Infections Spike in Kolkata Doctors Advice on Prevention
Kolkata is currently grappling with a significant increase in gastrointestinal infections, as reported by multiple healthcare professionals. Patients are presenting with symptoms such as acute abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhoea, and fever. In severe instances, hospitalisation has been necessary. The primary culprits appear to be contaminated food and water, affecting both children and adults.
Dr. Prasanta Debnath, a consultant gastroenterologist at Medica Hospital and Apollo Clinic Newtown, notes that the current travel season to various destinations has coincided with a rise in gastrointestinal infections. He identifies Campylobacter bacteria as a common cause, which can lead to serious complications like Guillain-Barré syndrome, a nerve-related disorder. Patients typically experience initial symptoms of nausea and loss of appetite, followed by fever and loose stools, with some cases involving blood in the stool. While most cases resolve with proper hydration and basic antibiotics, severe symptoms such as persistent vomiting, low blood pressure, or signs of kidney trouble necessitate immediate medical attention.
Dr. Sanjay Basu, a gastroenterologist at a private hospital in Mukundapur, reports treating multiple patients daily with similar symptoms. He explains that while certain bacteria are naturally present in the intestines, infections occur when harmful bacteria outnumber beneficial ones. This imbalance can result from consuming contaminated water or food, leading to various infections, including amoebiasis and other parasitic or bacterial infections. Dr. Basu advises frequent handwashing and avoiding water from unreliable sources, noting that even bottled water can sometimes be contaminated. He recommends seeking medical attention if symptoms persist beyond two days or if there is an inability to eat or drink.
Dr. Vikash Prakash, a consultant in the gastroenterology department at Manipal Hospital, has observed an increase in cases of unexplained abdominal pain over the past two months. He suspects that viruses such as norovirus, rotavirus, and adenovirus may be responsible. In children, the illness typically lasts under a week, but in adults, symptoms can persist for up to two weeks. Even after recovery, patients may still spread the virus. Dr. Prakash emphasizes the importance of washing hands frequently, avoiding raw and unhygienic food, and maintaining distance from individuals with flu-like symptoms. He advises that most cases can be managed at home with rest, plenty of fluids, and oral rehydration solutions, while avoiding fatty foods and adhering to a bland diet until symptoms improve.
Dr. Saswata Chatterjee, a consultant in gastroscience at CMRI Kolkata, attributes the rising cases to seasonal changes, particularly the transition from cold temperatures to humidity. He warns that viruses like norovirus spread through contaminated water, poor hygiene, and weakened immunity. Dr. Chatterjee underscores the importance of practicing good hygiene, including maintaining hand hygiene, avoiding street food, and ensuring the consumption of safe water. He also advises including plenty of fluids in the diet, such as oral rehydration solutions, coconut water, or homemade electrolyte drinks, while avoiding dairy products and spicy foods during infection. He stresses the importance of timely medication and seeking hospital care if symptoms worsen, especially for young children or elderly individuals.
From a sustainability perspective, the surge in gastrointestinal infections highlights the critical need for improved public health infrastructure and education. Ensuring access to clean water and promoting safe food practices are essential components of sustainable urban living. Community initiatives aimed at enhancing sanitation and hygiene can play a pivotal role in preventing such outbreaks, thereby contributing to the overall health and well-being of the population.
Civic authorities must prioritize the maintenance of water quality and the regulation of food vendors to mitigate the risk of contamination. Public awareness campaigns focusing on hygiene practices can empower citizens to take proactive measures in safeguarding their health. By addressing these issues through a collaborative approach, Kolkata can work towards a more resilient and health-conscious urban environment.
