Mumbai’s local train network, a lifeline for millions, is undergoing a significant transformation aimed at alleviating chronic overcrowding and enhancing commuter safety. Indian Railways has announced plans to increase the number of coaches in suburban trains from 12 to 15, boosting passenger capacity by approximately 33%. This move is expected to provide much-needed relief during peak hours, particularly between 8 AM to 11 AM and 5 PM to 8 PM, when trains often operate at maximum occupancy.
Currently, Central Railway (CR) operates two 15-coach trains across 22 services, while Western Railway (WR) runs 14 such trains on 211 services. The expansion will see a more uniform deployment of longer trains across both networks, aiming to accommodate the growing passenger base. In a bid to improve commuter comfort and safety, Indian Railways is procuring 238 air-conditioned (AC) local trains. These trains are part of the Mumbai Urban Transport Project (MUTP) 3 and 3A, with an estimated cost of ₹19,293 crore. The AC trains will feature modern amenities and are expected to attract more passengers, providing an alternative to the existing non-AC services.
Additionally, following a tragic incident in Mumbra where four commuters died after falling from overcrowded trains, the Railway Board has mandated that all new non-AC local trains be equipped with automatic closing doors. These doors, similar to those in metro systems, aim to prevent accidents and enhance passenger safety. The first prototype of the redesigned non-AC train is scheduled to be rolled out by November 2025, with full deployment expected by January 2026. Recognizing the need for a cohesive transport system, Indian Railways is focusing on multi-modal integration (MMI) at key stations such as Khar and Ghatkopar. At Khar station, a 5,000-square-metre elevated deck has been created to accommodate commercial developments and support future metro connectivity. Similar integration efforts are underway at other stations, with surveys being conducted to assess footfall and travel patterns, ensuring that MMI facilities are planned within a 500-metre radius of metro stations.
In parallel, the redevelopment of major railway hubs is progressing. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) is undergoing a ₹2,500 crore upgrade to enhance passenger amenities and operational efficiency. Other stations like Jogeshwari, Panvel, Kalyan, and Vasai are also slated for development to meet the growing demand. While infrastructural upgrades are underway, efforts to decongest peak-hour congestion through policy measures have seen limited success. In November 2023, CR reached out to approximately 800 companies, urging them to implement flexible or delayed reporting hours for employees to ease crowding during peak periods. However, only 46 companies responded, and their combined workforce was under 25 employees, rendering the initiative ineffective in significantly reducing congestion.
The planned upgrades to Mumbai’s local train network represent a comprehensive approach to addressing the city’s transportation challenges. By increasing train capacity, introducing modern amenities, enhancing safety features, and integrating various modes of transport, Indian Railways aims to create a more efficient and comfortable commuting experience for Mumbaikars. As these projects progress, the focus remains on delivering sustainable, eco-friendly, and equitable solutions to meet the needs of the city’s diverse population.
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