Mumbai Maps Mithi River Aquifers to Boost Water Supply
The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) has launched a pilot aquifer mapping project along the Mithi River basin. This year-long initiative aims to assess the quality and quantity of groundwater resources, paving the way for sustainable water supply solutions in Mumbai.
The project aligns with the National Aquifer Mapping and Management (NAQUIM) programme, spearheaded by the Central Ground Water Board under the Ministry of Jal Shakti. While the national programme focuses on comprehensive groundwater mapping across India, the BMC’s pilot project is an independent study conducted by its Environment and Climate Change Department. Mumbai currently relies heavily on surface water from seven lakes situated in and around the city. However, with the looming threat of climate change and unpredictable monsoon patterns, the city’s water supply is increasingly vulnerable. In the event of inadequate rainfall over consecutive years, Mumbai could face severe water shortages. To mitigate this risk, the BMC is exploring alternative water sources, including groundwater.
The Mithi River, spanning 17.8 km from Vihar Lake to Mahim Creek, serves as a natural catchment area and passes through diverse urban landscapes, including slums, industrial zones, and residential areas. Recognising its strategic importance, the BMC has chosen the Mithi River basin as the focal point for this aquifer mapping project. The study will employ a multi-phase approach, beginning with a geophysical survey to understand the underlying geology and soil composition. This will be followed by a geochemical survey to assess the quality of soil, rock, and water samples. The final phase involves thematic mapping to delineate confined and unconfined aquifer zones, enabling the identification of optimal locations for public recharge systems such as borewells.
To support the project, the BMC has procured equipment worth over ₹25 lakh, including 300 water quality testing kits, GPS devices, manual rain gauges, measuring tapes, water level loggers, and sounders. These tools will facilitate accurate data collection and analysis throughout the study. The Mithi River basin’s diverse urban settings present unique challenges and opportunities for groundwater management. By conducting this aquifer mapping project, the BMC aims to develop a comprehensive understanding of the area’s groundwater dynamics, informing the design and implementation of effective recharge structures.
If successful, this pilot project could serve as a model for similar initiatives across Mumbai, contributing to the city’s long-term water sustainability. The BMC’s proactive approach underscores its commitment to securing Mumbai’s water future in the face of climate uncertainties.
