Hyderabad commemorates 11 years since the formation of Telangana and 218 years since the establishment of Secunderabad.
From its origins as a walled city with 14 gates in 1921, Hyderabad has transformed into a sprawling metropolis, reflecting the dynamic interplay of history, culture, and urban planning. In 1921, Hyderabad covered an area of 132 square kilometres with a population of 404,187. By 2025, the city has expanded to 1,451 square kilometres, accommodating over 11 million residents. This growth signifies a 999% increase in land area and a 2,705% surge in population, positioning Hyderabad as the sixth-largest city in India.
Hyderabad’s urban development has been influenced by its rich history and strategic planning. The 1591 city plan, centred around Charminar, laid the foundation for the city’s expansion. Subsequent urban planners, including Meher Ali Fazil and Mohammed Fayazuddin, introduced concepts like the Outer Circular Road to manage growth and traffic. However, rapid urbanisation has led to challenges such as unplanned development in areas like Cyberabad and deviations from master plans, as noted by historian Sajjad Shahid. Infrastructure projects have played a pivotal role in Hyderabad’s expansion. The Outer Ring Road (ORR), initiated in 2001, has been instrumental in connecting peripheral areas and promoting real estate development. The upcoming 340-kilometre Regional Ring Road aims to further alleviate congestion and enhance connectivity. These developments have spurred the growth of residential areas, with properties near the ORR commanding premium prices.
Hyderabad’s population density has surpassed that of Delhi, with 18,161 people per square kilometre, as reported in the Telangana Statistical Abstract (ATLAS)-2024. This rapid growth has strained infrastructure, housing, and public services, posing challenges to sustainable development. Experts warn that without strategic planning and investment in infrastructure, the city’s growth could outpace its capacity to provide essential services.
As Hyderabad continues to evolve, the focus must shift towards sustainable urban development. This includes implementing green building practices, enhancing public transportation, and ensuring equitable access to resources. The city’s future will depend on balancing growth with environmental stewardship and social inclusivity.
Hyderabad’s journey from a walled city to a global metropolis underscores the complexities of urban growth. While the city has made significant strides, addressing the challenges of population density, infrastructure, and sustainability will be crucial in shaping its future.
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