Delhi’s air quality worsened significantly on Wednesday, marking the first time in over three months that the capital has experienced ‘poor’ air. According to the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), the Air Quality Index (AQI) reached 235, the highest recorded for September in the last nine years. The previous ‘poor’ AQI in Delhi was recorded on June 12, with a reading of 211. Light rain, forecasted by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) over the next six days, is expected to provide some respite by improving the city’s air quality in the coming days.
The transportation sector remains the largest contributor to Delhi’s air pollution, with emissions from vehicles playing a pivotal role in the capital’s deteriorating air quality. Stubble burning, another seasonal factor contributing to pollution, has started in neighbouring states such as Punjab, Haryana, and Uttar Pradesh. Reports indicate 166 cases of stubble burning between 15th and 25th September, a number expected to rise in the coming months as paddy harvesting intensifies. However, the real impact of crop residue burning is anticipated between mid-October and early November when these practices peak.
Despite the drop in air quality, the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) has not yet invoked restrictions under the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP), which is typically activated when AQI levels fall between 201-300. Officials are closely monitoring the situation, as forecasts from the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) predict that AQI levels will remain in the ‘moderate’ to ‘poor’ range over the next six days. While light rains are expected to temporarily reduce pollution levels, the anticipated withdrawal of the monsoon by early October may contribute to the seasonal rise in pollution.
From a sustainability perspective, addressing the root causes of Delhi’s chronic air pollution requires a multi-faceted approach. While short-term relief can be achieved through rainfall and temporary restrictions, long-term solutions lie in sustainable urban development and reducing the reliance on fossil fuel-based transport systems. Additionally, stricter regulation of agricultural practices like stubble burning and promoting green alternatives are vital for improving air quality, especially during the post-monsoon season. As Delhi continues to grapple with its air quality challenges, these broader sustainability measures will be crucial for reducing the environmental and public health impacts of pollution.
