Mumbai: A recent study conducted by Harvard researchers has underscored the severe impact of climate change on cardiovascular health, particularly in urban heat islands characterized by concrete-dominated landscapes. Published in the prestigious medical journal JAMA Cardiology, the study reveals alarming findings linking climate-related stressors to increased risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality.
The study, which meticulously analysed over 2,000 research papers spanning from 1970 to 2023, highlighted that extreme temperatures and natural disasters like hurricanes significantly elevate the incidence of CVD. These effects are particularly pronounced among vulnerable demographics such as older adults, racial minorities, and individuals from economically disadvantaged communities.
Dr. Professor Emeritus from KEM Hospital, Parel, emphasized the critical implications of these findings: “Climate change not only impacts overall health but also poses direct threats to heart health. Exposure to extreme heat can disrupt cardiovascular function by affecting heart rate and blood pressure. Moreover, pollutants like ozone and wildfire smog induce systemic inflammation, further exacerbating cardiovascular risks.”
The study’s lead author, Dr. Dhruv S Kazi from Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, elaborated on the broader implications: “Natural disasters such as hurricanes not only cause immediate physical damage but also disrupt healthcare services, leading to prolonged cardiovascular risks that persist for months or even years.”
In addition to extreme temperatures, the study highlighted the enduring cardiovascular risks associated with severe weather events like tropical storms and floods. For instance, research post-Hurricane Sandy in New York City indicated elevated CVD mortality rates for up to 12 months following the disaster, illustrating the lingering impact of climate-induced calamities.
Given that cardiovascular diseases already account for a significant portion of India’s mortality rate, experts warn that neglecting climate change mitigation efforts could prove catastrophic. They advocate for urgent measures to curb environmental stressors and enhance resilience against climate-related health risks.
The findings underscore the need for proactive policies aimed at reducing urban heat island effects, improving disaster preparedness, and safeguarding public health from the escalating impacts of climate change. As cities across India grapple with rapid urbanization and environmental challenges, prioritizing sustainable urban planning and climate resilience strategies becomes imperative to mitigate the growing threats to cardiovascular health.
