Bengaluru’s deteriorating roads, riddled with potholes, are no longer just a daily inconvenience for commuters; they have become a serious environmental and health issue. A recent study has highlighted the direct connection between the city’s crumbling infrastructure and the alarming rise in air pollution. The dust stirred up by these damaged roads has contributed to a sharp increase in airborne particulate matter, which is significantly worsening Bengaluru’s air quality.
According to a study conducted by the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB) in collaboration with the Center for Study of Science and Technology Policy (CSTEP), road dust is a major contributor to the city’s air pollution. The research shows that potholes and damaged asphalt account for an astonishing 16.9% of Bengaluru’s air pollution, with suspended dust particles exceeding the permissible levels. The study found that while other pollutants like sulfur dioxide and ammonia are within acceptable limits, PM10 levels—representing particulate matter smaller than 10 microns—have surged dramatically. These particles, which are harmful when inhaled, are a major concern for public health, especially for children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions.
Further reports from KSPCB’s continuous ambient air monitoring stations reveal that Bengaluru’s air quality has slipped over the years. Once classified as “Good,” many parts of the city now fall into the “Satisfactory” or even “Moderate” categories. PM10 levels, which should ideally remain under 60 micrograms per cubic metre, have significantly exceeded this threshold in several areas. In fact, the findings show that transport and road dust combined contribute to nearly 68% of the city’s air pollution, with transport alone responsible for over 50% of the emissions.
From a sustainability perspective, the state of Bengaluru’s infrastructure raises serious concerns about the city’s future livability. Despite the BBMP allocating substantial funds annually for road development and maintenance, the reality remains grim. With over 14,000 km of roads, finding stretches free from potholes is an ongoing challenge. Moreover, the city’s air quality continues to degrade, posing long-term environmental and health risks. Sustainable urban planning must prioritise not only better road infrastructure but also innovative ways to mitigate road dust and vehicular emissions.
KSPCB has already devised a 44-point action plan to address the pollution issue, with focus areas such as controlling vehicular emissions, improving road maintenance, and reducing construction-related dust. However, the effectiveness of these plans depends on coordinated efforts across multiple civic bodies, as well as stringent enforcement of environmental regulations. As Bengaluru grapples with this urban crisis, residents and policymakers alike must act swiftly to reduce pollution and improve road conditions to ensure a cleaner, healthier future for the city.
