India intends to expand its thermal power capacity by an additional 25-30 gw in addition to the 49 gw of coal-based units already under construction. This expansion is expected to result in an annual coal consumption increase of 292 mt.
Typically, it takes around 3.5-4 mt of coal to generate 1,000 mw of power at a plant load factor ranging from 65 percent to 75 percent, which aligns with national average. With each gw requiring 3.7 mt of coal, this plan signifies a substantial 38 percent rise in total coal consumption compared to current levels.
As of March 2023, India’s coal-based power generation capacity stood at 212 gw, with projections indicating it will reach 260 gw by 2030. With the additional 30 gw capacity in the pipeline, India could potentially possess approximately 290 gw of coal power by 2030.
While India’s focus on increasing thermal power capacity might seem at odds with its environmental commitments, it’s essential to recognise that balancing growing energy demands with sustainable practices is a complex challenge. The nation’s pursuit of cleaner and more efficient coal technologies, alongside its continued efforts to expand renewable energy sources, underscores its commitment to both energy security and environmental responsibility.
