The recent renovation of toilet facilities at Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) by Central Railway (CR) has sparked a significant outcry among heritage conservationists and frequent commuters. The renovation, conducted in partnership with the D Mart Foundation, aimed at beautifying the toilet block situated in front of platforms 5 and 6 in the suburban concourse.
However, the choice of materials and alterations have been criticised for not aligning with the heritage aesthetic of the historic CSMT building. As part of the renovation, two privacy walls were constructed in front of the toilets. However, the tiles used on these new walls have drawn widespread criticism for being out of sync with the Victorian Gothic Revival architecture that defines CSMT. The terminus, designed by British architect Frederick William Stevens, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a landmark of Mumbai’s architectural landscape. Additionally, certain portions of the original structure have been painted in colours that deviate from its traditional palette, further aggravating concerns about the preservation of its heritage character. Frequent users and heritage activists argue that these changes compromise the historical integrity of the building, which has been a symbol of Mumbai’s rich architectural heritage for over a century.
One commuter pointed out, “CSMT is not just a railway station; it’s a cultural icon and one of the most photographed heritage structures in the country.” Another commuter expressed mixed feelings, saying, “While the CR’s efforts to improve passenger amenities are commendable, they should not come at the cost of the station’s heritage value.” The controversy raises broader questions about balancing modernisation efforts with the need to preserve heritage sites. CSMT, a functioning railway terminus, is a key transport hub for Mumbai’s bustling local and long-distance railway network. However, its status as a UNESCO World Heritage Site imposes certain responsibilities on its custodians to maintain its historical and architectural integrity. The station is a fine example of the Victorian Gothic Revival style, which integrates themes of Indian architecture and craftsmanship.
Experts in heritage conservation suggest that the Central Railway should consult with heritage specialists and architectural historians before undertaking further modifications. There are calls for corrective action to restore the original appearance of the renovated sections and align any future work with the guidelines set for maintaining the aesthetics of heritage structures. The ongoing debate highlights a critical challenge in urban development—finding the right balance between upgrading infrastructure to meet contemporary needs while respecting and preserving cultural heritage. As the pressure mounts on Central Railway to address these concerns, commuters and heritage enthusiasts will be watching closely to see whether the railway authorities will take corrective steps to uphold the historic value of one of Mumbai’s most iconic landmarks.
